- Adverse impact ratio (AIR)
- The favorable-outcome rate for a comparison group divided by the favorable-outcome rate for a reference group. A value below a configured screening threshold can prompt investigation, but does not establish cause or a legal conclusion by itself.
- Statistical parity difference (SPD)
- The comparison group's favorable-outcome rate minus the reference group's favorable-outcome rate. It expresses an absolute percentage-point gap and should be reviewed with sample size, uncertainty, and business context.
- Favorable-outcome rate
- The share of an explicitly defined population receiving the favorable outcome under review, such as an approval. The numerator, denominator, exclusions, and time window must be documented.
- Comparison group
- The cohort whose outcome rate is compared with a documented reference group. Group definitions may depend on available, permitted, or institution-approved demographic attributes.
- Reference group
- The cohort used as the denominator or baseline for a disparity comparison. Its selection can materially affect the result and should be documented rather than assumed.
- Review threshold
- A configured level that triggers additional investigation or human review. It is a workflow rule, not an automatic legal verdict.
- Adverse-action reason review
- A check that stated reasons are accurate, specific, and supported by factors actually considered or scored in the decision. Avarent can organize candidate reasons and supporting fields for qualified human review.
- Finding record
- A traceable record connecting a material result to its question, population, comparison, time window, configuration, supporting evidence, interpretation, reviewer, and next action.
- Evidence packet
- A reproducible collection of scope, method, inputs, configuration, findings, reviewer actions, limitations, and exports assembled for internal or third-party review.
- Synthetic-first review
- An evaluation that begins with representative synthetic or institution-approved de-identified data to test usefulness and evidence quality before production access is considered.
- Human review
- A documented decision by qualified staff who examine the result, context, uncertainty, and next action. Software can support the review but does not own the institution's decision authority.
- Model-risk evidence
- Artifacts that help reviewers understand and challenge a model-related workflow, including data lineage, methodology, configuration, version context, validation boundaries, findings, limitations, and governance actions.
For formulas, limitations, and regulatory references, see the public methodology.